harmony 鸿蒙批量数据写数据库场景
批量数据写数据库场景
使用TaskPool进行频繁数据库操作
对于需要频繁数据库操作的场景，由于读写数据库存在耗时，因此推荐在子线程中操作，避免阻塞UI线程。
通过ArkTS提供的TaskPool能力，可以将数据库操作任务移到子线程中，实现如下。
创建多个子任务，支持数据库的创建、插入、查询和清除等操作。
UI主线程调用子任务，完成数据库的增删改查等操作。
// Index.ets
import { relationalStore, ValuesBucket } from '@kit.ArkData';
import { taskpool } from '@kit.ArkTS';
@Concurrent
async function create(context: Context) {
const CONFIG: relationalStore.StoreConfig = {
name: "Store.db",
securityLevel: relationalStore.SecurityLevel.S1,
};
// 默认数据库文件路径为 context.databaseDir + rdb + StoreConfig.name
let store: relationalStore.RdbStore = await relationalStore.getRdbStore(context, CONFIG);
console.info(`Create Store.db successfully!`);
// 创建表
const CREATE_TABLE_SQL = "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS test (" +
"id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, " +
"name TEXT NOT NULL, " +
"age INTEGER, " +
"salary REAL, " +
"blobType BLOB)";
await store.executeSql(CREATE_TABLE_SQL);
console.info(`Create table test successfully!`);
}
@Concurrent
async function insert(context: Context, valueBucketArray: Array<relationalStore.ValuesBucket>) {
const CONFIG: relationalStore.StoreConfig = {
name: "Store.db",
securityLevel: relationalStore.SecurityLevel.S1,
};
// 默认数据库文件路径为 context.databaseDir + rdb + StoreConfig.name
let store: relationalStore.RdbStore = await relationalStore.getRdbStore(context, CONFIG);
console.info(`Create Store.db successfully!`);
// 数据插入
await store.batchInsert("test", valueBucketArray as Object as Array<relationalStore.ValuesBucket>);
}
@Concurrent
async function query(context: Context): Promise<Array<relationalStore.ValuesBucket>> {
const CONFIG: relationalStore.StoreConfig = {
name: "Store.db",
securityLevel: relationalStore.SecurityLevel.S1,
};
// 默认数据库文件路径为 context.databaseDir + rdb + StoreConfig.name
let store: relationalStore.RdbStore = await relationalStore.getRdbStore(context, CONFIG);
console.info(`Create Store.db successfully!`);
// 获取结果集
let predicates: relationalStore.RdbPredicates = new relationalStore.RdbPredicates("test");
let resultSet = await store.query(predicates); // 查询所有数据
console.info(`Query data successfully! row count:${resultSet.rowCount}`);
let index = 0;
let result = new Array<relationalStore.ValuesBucket>(resultSet.rowCount)
resultSet.goToFirstRow()
do {
result[index++] = resultSet.getRow()
} while (resultSet.goToNextRow());
resultSet.close();
return result
}
@Concurrent
async function clear(context: Context) {
const CONFIG: relationalStore.StoreConfig = {
name: "Store.db",
securityLevel: relationalStore.SecurityLevel.S1,
};
// 默认数据库文件路径为 context.databaseDir + rdb + StoreConfig.name
await relationalStore.deleteRdbStore(context, CONFIG);
console.info(`Delete Store.db successfully!`);
}
@Entry
@Component
struct Index {
@State message: string = 'Hello World';
build() {
RelativeContainer() {
Text(this.message)
.id('HelloWorld')
.fontSize(50)
.fontWeight(FontWeight.Bold)
.alignRules({
center: { anchor: '__container__', align: VerticalAlign.Center },
middle: { anchor: '__container__', align: HorizontalAlign.Center }
})
.onClick(async () => {
let context : Context = this.getUIContext().getHostContext() as Context;
// 数据准备
const count = 5
let valueBucketArray = new Array<relationalStore.ValuesBucket>(count);
for (let i = 0; i < count; i++) {
let v : relationalStore.ValuesBucket = {
id: i,
name: "zhangsan" + i,
age: 20,
salary: 5000 + 50 * i
};
valueBucketArray[i] = v;
}
await taskpool.execute(create, context)
await taskpool.execute(insert, context, valueBucketArray)
let index = 0
let ret = await taskpool.execute(query, context) as Array<relationalStore.ValuesBucket>
for (let v of ret) {
console.info(`Row[${index}].id = ${v.id}`)
console.info(`Row[${index}].name = ${v.name}`)
console.info(`Row[${index}].age = ${v.age}`)
console.info(`Row[${index}].salary = ${v.salary}`)
index++
}
await taskpool.execute(clear, context)
})
}
.height('100%')
.width('100%')
}
}
使用Sendable进行大容量数据库操作
由于数据库数据跨线程传递存在耗时，数据量较大时会占用UI主线程。推荐使用Sendable封装数据库数据，以降低跨线程开销。
- 定义数据库中的数据格式，可以使用Sendable，以减少跨线程操作的耗时。
// SharedValuesBucket.ets
export interface IValueBucket {
id: number
name: string
age: number
salary: number
}
@Sendable
export class SharedValuesBucket implements IValueBucket {
id: number = 0
name: string = ""
age: number = 0
salary: number = 0
constructor(v: IValueBucket) {
this.id = v.id;
this.name = v.name;
this.age = v.age;
this.salary = v.salary
}
}
- UI主线程发起，在子线程进行数据的增删改查等操作。
// Index.ets
import { relationalStore, ValuesBucket } from '@kit.ArkData';
import { collections, taskpool } from '@kit.ArkTS';
import { IValueBucket, SharedValuesBucket } from './SharedValuesBucket';
@Concurrent
async function create(context: Context) {
const CONFIG: relationalStore.StoreConfig = {
name: "Store.db",
securityLevel: relationalStore.SecurityLevel.S1,
};
// 默认数据库文件路径为 context.databaseDir + rdb + StoreConfig.name
let store: relationalStore.RdbStore = await relationalStore.getRdbStore(context, CONFIG);
console.info(`Create Store.db successfully!`);
// 创建表
const CREATE_TABLE_SQL = "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS test (" +
"id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, " +
"name TEXT NOT NULL, " +
"age INTEGER, " +
"salary REAL, " +
"blobType BLOB)";
await store.executeSql(CREATE_TABLE_SQL);
console.info(`Create table test successfully!`);
}
@Concurrent
async function insert(context: Context, valueBucketArray: collections.Array<SharedValuesBucket|undefined>) {
const CONFIG: relationalStore.StoreConfig = {
name: "Store.db",
securityLevel: relationalStore.SecurityLevel.S1,
};
// 默认数据库文件路径为 context.databaseDir + rdb + StoreConfig.name
let store: relationalStore.RdbStore = await relationalStore.getRdbStore(context, CONFIG);
console.info(`Create Store.db successfully!`);
// 数据插入
await store.batchInsert("test", valueBucketArray as Object as Array<ValuesBucket>);
}
@Concurrent
async function query(context: Context): Promise<collections.Array<SharedValuesBucket|undefined>> {
const CONFIG: relationalStore.StoreConfig = {
name: "Store.db",
securityLevel: relationalStore.SecurityLevel.S1,
};
// 默认数据库文件路径为 context.databaseDir + rdb + StoreConfig.name
let store: relationalStore.RdbStore = await relationalStore.getRdbStore(context, CONFIG);
console.info(`Create Store.db successfully!`);
// 获取结果集
let predicates: relationalStore.RdbPredicates = new relationalStore.RdbPredicates("test");
let resultSet = await store.query(predicates); // 查询所有数据
console.info(`Query data successfully! row count:${resultSet.rowCount}`);
let index = 0;
let result = collections.Array.create<SharedValuesBucket|undefined>(resultSet.rowCount, undefined)
resultSet.goToFirstRow()
do {
let v: IValueBucket = {
id: resultSet.getLong(resultSet.getColumnIndex("id")),
name: resultSet.getString(resultSet.getColumnIndex("name")),
age: resultSet.getLong(resultSet.getColumnIndex("age")),
salary: resultSet.getLong(resultSet.getColumnIndex("salary"))
};
result[index++] = new SharedValuesBucket(v)
} while (resultSet.goToNextRow());
resultSet.close();
return result
}
@Concurrent
async function clear(context: Context) {
const CONFIG: relationalStore.StoreConfig = {
name: "Store.db",
securityLevel: relationalStore.SecurityLevel.S1,
};
// 默认数据库文件路径为 context.databaseDir + rdb + StoreConfig.name
await relationalStore.deleteRdbStore(context, CONFIG);
console.info(`Delete Store.db successfully!`);
}
@Entry
@Component
struct Index {
@State message: string = 'Hello World';
build() {
RelativeContainer() {
Text(this.message)
.id('HelloWorld')
.fontSize(50)
.fontWeight(FontWeight.Bold)
.alignRules({
center: { anchor: '__container__', align: VerticalAlign.Center },
middle: { anchor: '__container__', align: HorizontalAlign.Center }
})
.onClick(async () => {
let context : Context = this.getUIContext().getHostContext() as Context;
// 数据准备
const count = 5
let valueBucketArray = collections.Array.create<SharedValuesBucket|undefined>(count, undefined);
for (let i = 0; i < count; i++) {
let v: IValueBucket = {
id: i,
name: "zhangsan" + i,
age: 20,
salary: 5000 + 50 * i
};
valueBucketArray[i] = new SharedValuesBucket(v);
}
await taskpool.execute(create, context)
await taskpool.execute(insert, context, valueBucketArray)
let index = 0
let ret: collections.Array<SharedValuesBucket> =
await taskpool.execute(query, context) as collections.Array<SharedValuesBucket>
for (let v of ret.values()) {
console.info(`Row[${index}].id = ${v.id}`)
console.info(`Row[${index}].name = ${v.name}`)
console.info(`Row[${index}].age = ${v.age}`)
console.info(`Row[${index}].salary = ${v.salary}`)
index++
}
await taskpool.execute(clear, context)
})
}
.height('100%')
.width('100%')
}
}
复杂类实例对象使用Sendable进行大容量数据库操作
普通类实例对象的属性可持有Sendable类实例对象。
对于复杂的普通类实例对象，可以先将相应数据库数据字段封装为Sendable类实例对象，再由普通类实例对象持有，从而降低跨线程开销。
- 定义数据库中的数据格式，可采用Sendable，减少跨线程耗时。
// SharedValuesBucket.ets
export interface IValueBucket {
id: number;
name: string;
age: number;
salary: number;
}
@Sendable
export class SharedValuesBucket implements IValueBucket {
id: number = 0;
name: string = "";
age: number = 0;
salary: number = 0;
constructor(v: IValueBucket) {
this.id = v.id;
this.name = v.name;
this.age = v.age;
this.salary = v.salary;
}
}
- 定义普通类实例对象，持有Sendable类实例对象。
// Material.ets
import { SharedValuesBucket } from './SharedValuesBucket';
import { collections } from '@kit.ArkTS';
export class Material {
seq: number = 0;
materialName: string = "";
// ... 省略其他属性
buckets: collections.Array<SharedValuesBucket|undefined>;
constructor(seq: number, materialName: string, buckets: collections.Array<SharedValuesBucket|undefined>) {
this.seq = seq;
this.materialName = materialName;
this.buckets = buckets;
}
getBuckets() : collections.Array<SharedValuesBucket|undefined>{
return this.buckets;
}
setBuckets(buckets: collections.Array<SharedValuesBucket|undefined>) {
this.buckets = buckets;
}
}
- UI主线程发起，在子线程进行数据的增删改查等操作。
// Index.ets
import { relationalStore, ValuesBucket } from '@kit.ArkData';
import { collections, taskpool } from '@kit.ArkTS';
import { IValueBucket, SharedValuesBucket } from './SharedValuesBucket';
import { Material } from './Material';
@Concurrent
async function create(context: Context) {
const CONFIG: relationalStore.StoreConfig = {
name: "Store.db",
securityLevel: relationalStore.SecurityLevel.S1,
};
// 默认数据库文件路径为 context.databaseDir + rdb + StoreConfig.name
let store: relationalStore.RdbStore = await relationalStore.getRdbStore(context, CONFIG);
console.info(`Create Store.db successfully!`);
// 创建表
const CREATE_TABLE_SQL = "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS test (" +
"id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, " +
"name TEXT NOT NULL, " +
"age INTEGER, " +
"salary REAL, " +
"blobType BLOB)";
await store.executeSql(CREATE_TABLE_SQL);
console.info(`Create table test successfully!`);
}
@Concurrent
async function insert(context: Context, valueBucketArray: collections.Array<SharedValuesBucket|undefined>) {
const CONFIG: relationalStore.StoreConfig = {
name: "Store.db",
securityLevel: relationalStore.SecurityLevel.S1,
};
// 默认数据库文件路径为 context.databaseDir + rdb + StoreConfig.name
let store: relationalStore.RdbStore = await relationalStore.getRdbStore(context, CONFIG);
console.info(`Create Store.db successfully!`);
// 数据插入
await store.batchInsert("test", valueBucketArray as Object as Array<ValuesBucket>);
}
@Concurrent
async function query(context: Context): Promise<collections.Array<SharedValuesBucket|undefined>> {
const CONFIG: relationalStore.StoreConfig = {
name: "Store.db",
securityLevel: relationalStore.SecurityLevel.S1,
};
// 默认数据库文件路径为 context.databaseDir + rdb + StoreConfig.name
let store: relationalStore.RdbStore = await relationalStore.getRdbStore(context, CONFIG);
console.info(`Create Store.db successfully!`);
// 获取结果集
let predicates: relationalStore.RdbPredicates = new relationalStore.RdbPredicates("test");
let resultSet = await store.query(predicates); // 查询所有数据
console.info(`Query data successfully! row count:${resultSet.rowCount}`);
let index = 0;
let result = collections.Array.create<SharedValuesBucket|undefined>(resultSet.rowCount, undefined)
resultSet.goToFirstRow()
do {
let v: IValueBucket = {
id: resultSet.getLong(resultSet.getColumnIndex("id")),
name: resultSet.getString(resultSet.getColumnIndex("name")),
age: resultSet.getLong(resultSet.getColumnIndex("age")),
salary: resultSet.getLong(resultSet.getColumnIndex("salary"))
};
result[index++] = new SharedValuesBucket(v)
} while (resultSet.goToNextRow());
resultSet.close();
return result
}
@Concurrent
async function clear(context: Context) {
const CONFIG: relationalStore.StoreConfig = {
name: "Store.db",
securityLevel: relationalStore.SecurityLevel.S1,
};
// 默认数据库文件路径为 context.databaseDir + rdb + StoreConfig.name
await relationalStore.deleteRdbStore(context, CONFIG);
console.info(`Delete Store.db successfully!`);
}
function initMaterial() : Material {
// 数据准备
const count = 5
let valueBucketArray = collections.Array.create<SharedValuesBucket|undefined>(count, undefined);
for (let i = 0; i < count; i++) {
let v: IValueBucket = {
id: i,
name: "zhangsan" + i,
age: 20,
salary: 5000 + 50 * i
};
valueBucketArray[i] = new SharedValuesBucket(v);
}
let material = new Material(1, "test", valueBucketArray);
return material;
}
@Entry
@Component
struct Index {
@State message: string = 'Hello World';
build() {
RelativeContainer() {
Text(this.message)
.id('HelloWorld')
.fontSize(50)
.fontWeight(FontWeight.Bold)
.alignRules({
center: { anchor: '__container__', align: VerticalAlign.Center },
middle: { anchor: '__container__', align: HorizontalAlign.Center }
})
.onClick(async () => {
let context : Context = this.getUIContext().getHostContext() as Context;
let material = initMaterial();
await taskpool.execute(create, context);
await taskpool.execute(insert, context, material.getBuckets());
let index = 0;
let ret: collections.Array<SharedValuesBucket> =
await taskpool.execute(query, context) as collections.Array<SharedValuesBucket>;
material.setBuckets(ret);
for (let v of ret.values()) {
console.info(`Row[${index}].id = ${v.id}`);
console.info(`Row[${index}].name = ${v.name}`);
console.info(`Row[${index}].age = ${v.age}`);
console.info(`Row[${index}].salary = ${v.salary}`);
index++;
}
await taskpool.execute(clear, context);
})
}
.height('100%')
.width('100%')
}
}
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