harmony 鸿蒙异步等待

2025-06-12
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异步等待

ArkTS引入了异步等待通知能力，以解决多线程任务时序控制问题。异步等待通知ConditionVariable对象支持跨线程引用传递。

由于ArkTS语言支持异步操作，现在增加了异步任务的等待和被唤醒功能。当收到唤醒通知或等待超时后，异步任务将继续执行。

说明：

使用异步等待的方法需标记为async，调用时需用await修饰，以确保时序正确。

使用示例

Sendable共享对象在不同线程控制异步任务等待和唤醒的示例如下：

import { ArkTSUtils, taskpool } from '@kit.ArkTS';

@Concurrent
function notifyAll(conditionVariable: ArkTSUtils.locks.ConditionVariable) {
  conditionVariable.notifyAll();
}

@Concurrent
function notifyOne(conditionVariable: ArkTSUtils.locks.ConditionVariable) {
  conditionVariable.notifyOne();
}

@Concurrent
async function wait(conditionVariable: ArkTSUtils.locks.ConditionVariable) {
  await conditionVariable.wait().then(() => {
    console.log(`TaskPool Thread Wait: success`);
  });
}

@Concurrent
async function waitFor(conditionVariable: ArkTSUtils.locks.ConditionVariable) {
  await conditionVariable.waitFor(3000).then(() => {
    console.log(`TaskPool Thread WaitFor: success`);
  });
}

@Entry
@Component
struct Index {
  @State message: string = 'Hello World';

  build() {
    Row() {
      Column() {
        Text(this.message)
          .fontSize(50)
          .fontWeight(FontWeight.Bold)
          .onClick(() => {
            // 创建conditionVariableR对象
            const conditionVariable: ArkTSUtils.locks.ConditionVariable = new ArkTSUtils.locks.ConditionVariable();
            // 将实例conditionVariable传递给wait线程
            taskpool.execute(wait, conditionVariable);
            // 将实例conditionVariable传递给notify线程，唤醒wait线程，日志输出"TaskPool Thread Wait: success"
            taskpool.execute(notifyAll, conditionVariable);
            // 将实例conditionVariable传递给waitFor线程
            taskpool.execute(waitFor, conditionVariable);
            // 将实例conditionVariable传递给notifyOne线程，唤醒waitFor线程，日志输出"TaskPool Thread WaitFor: success"
            taskpool.execute(notifyOne, conditionVariable);

            // 创建有name的conditionVariable对象
            const conditionVariableRequest: ArkTSUtils.locks.ConditionVariable =
                ArkTSUtils.locks.ConditionVariable.request("Request1");
            // 将实例conditionVariableRequest传递给wait线程
            taskpool.execute(wait, conditionVariableRequest);
            // 将实例conditionVariableRequest传递给notify线程，唤醒wait线程，日志输出"TaskPool Thread Wait: success"
            taskpool.execute(notifyAll, conditionVariableRequest);
            // 将实例conditionVariableRequest传递给waitFor线程
            taskpool.execute(waitFor, conditionVariableRequest);
            // 将实例conditionVariableRequest传递给notifyOne线程，唤醒waitFor线程，日志输出"TaskPool Thread WaitFor: success"
            taskpool.execute(notifyOne, conditionVariableRequest);
          })
      }
      .width('100%')
    }
    .height('100%')
  }
}